Is it possible to uphold Christian values without believing in God?

IMAGE DESCRIPTION: A cross, a Torah scroll, and a Buddha statue are all tossed into a cardboard box with the symbol of agnostic atheism drawn on it's outside. This images is for articles on my blog (virtualstoa.org) that deal with my renunciation of religion.
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While some of the attitudes encouraged in Christianity are unhealthy (even if not all such values require a belief in God per-se) there are a lot of values which Christianity shares with other religions and which are also good values for someone who doesn’t believe in any God at all.
Someone asked on Quora whether it is possible to be an atheist and still practice many of the Christian values. The truth is, there are a lot of values found in Christianity, and not all of them are specific to Christianity. A good numbers of values found in Christianity can fit into a number of other ethical systems – and not all of them require belief in a God.For example, I identify as an agnostic, but by some definitions of the terms, I might qualify as an atheist. While I hold no belief that God doesn’t exist (at least no such belief according to the most broadly defined version of the concept of God) I also hold no belief that God exists either. That said, I still hold close to me a number of principles that are found in Christianity.

I believe that it is a bad idea to rush to judgement about another person – and that when you must judge someone, you should stop a moment and consider how you would fare if you were judged by the same criteria that you are about to judge that other person. Such a value is clearly part of Christianity, as Jesus is quoted to say in the New Testament:

Judge not, that ye be not judged. For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured unto you.
Matthew 7:1-2 RV

Of course, this principle for me is not some commandment handed down by a person who’s very historic existence is a dubious assumption but whom some religious movement decided is God incarnate. Instead, I see this as a corollary of the Ethic of Reciprocity, also known as the Golden Rule, which is inherent to Secular Humanism. Simply put, this slowness to judge is what you get when you apply the Ethic of Reciprocity to the act of passing judgement on someone.

But the Ethic of Reciprocity. isn’t unique to Secular Humanism. It is also present in a number of religions – among those religions are Hellenism, Hinduism, Judaism, and yes, Christianity. Again, let us refer to Jesus as quoted in the New Testament:

All things therefore whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you, even so do ye also unto them: for this is the law and the prophets.
Matthew 7:12 RV

.. and again ..

And as ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise.
Luke 6:31 RV

As a matter of fact, the Ethic of Reciprocity is not just one of several Christian principles, but one of the two core-most principles of Christianity:

And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, 36 Master, which is the great commandment in the law? 37 And he said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. 38 This is the great and first commandment. 39 And a second like unto it is this, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. 40 On these two commandments hangeth the whole law, and the prophets.
Matthew 22:35-40 RV

This Christian emphasis on the Ethic of Reciprocity is a very strong one – almost as strong as the a Jewish emphasis on this very same principle recorded in the Talmud as Hillel’s response to someone asking him if he could learn all that there was to know about Judaism while standing on one foot.

That said, while there are some values that are found in Christianity that I very much hold to despite holding no belief in God’s existence, this does not apply to all Christian values. There are some Christian values that may not be inherently compatible with all forms of atheism per-se, but which are incompatible with the Rationalism that I very much espouse.

For example, I am against the idea of accepting a claim just because everyone’s saying it. Mere virality of a claim does not prove that it is true. I believe that it is important that there needs to be evidence for a claim before it can be taken seriously. Furthermore, it is iimportant to not just accept supposed evidence on face value. Evidence needs to be scrutinized, tested, and depending on the kind of claim even replicated.

This value is in stark contrast to Christianity. In account given in the New Testament, when one of the Apostles displayed behavior that even approached this virtue, Jesus didn’t praise him for it, but rebuked him instead.

But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came. The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe. And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them. Jesus cometh, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you. Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and see my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and put it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing. Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God. Jesus saith unto him, Because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.
John 20:24-29 RV

Thomas wasn’t refusing to believe in Jesus’s resurrection in the face of evidence. He was merely insisting that evidence be scrutinized before the claim based on it be accepted. For that, Jesus’s response was a blessing from which Thomas was excluded from for precisely that reason.

Again, not all atheists are necessary Rationalists, so there may be atheists who are as a matter of principle willing to accept some things without proper scrutiny of evidence, or even without evidence at all – just that the existence of God isn’t among the things that they will accept so easily. However, I don’t recommend such a mentality.

So in short, there are some Christian values that, though not necessarily incompatible with atheism itself per-se, are still unhealthy mindsets which I don’t recommend. On the other hand, there are some Christian values that are very compatible with atheism, and which are very good values to live by. These values may not be unique to Christianity, but they can still be seen as “Christian values” in that they are an integral part of Christianity.

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